How religion has an impact on marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

How religion has an impact on marketing - Essay Example Due to the increase in the population of the Islam, their behavior has been noted to influence how things are done as their immense numbers is a reflection of real economic figures. It is impressive to note that marketing in commerce is very important to Muslims as they inhabit most of the richest countries in the world. The practice of business in Muslim religion has to be compliant with the Quran and the Muslim law. For instance, during advertisements, the female image used represents a typical Muslim woman with a head scarf as such trends are more identifiable with the conservative Muslim trends. This paper seeks to provide insights into the impacts of marketing on Islamic culture by illuminating on the intersection of business conduct and Islamic teachings. There are various reasons that has motived the growth of commerce in Islamic religion thereby making it one of the most important global economy. First, the increased Muslim population forming a fifth of the world’s population has an impact on the behaviors an attitudes of Muslim adherents. Moreover, during the 2008-2009 financial crises, most of the world’s economies were shattered. This allowed traders practicing Islamic finance to benefit heavily from the gains at that time thereby boosting their prosperity. Muslim traders were also boosted by the oil boom and the fact that the Muslims were increasingly becoming the most affluent consumers globally thereby promoting Muslim trade. Other reason include the improvement in the level foreign investment, the efforts towards the formation of a Muslim trading bloc, globalization and the efforts put forward in enhancing Islamization of countries with majority of their population being Muslim. Such efforts include defining Mu slim codes to be followed in all conducts of life, this will impact of commerce too (Saeed et al. 2001). Sharia is the Islamic law that is responsible for

The video shop like letters Essay Example for Free

The video shop like letters Essay The task is to create a logo that can promote the video shop, and be put on all to do with the video shop like letters. My logo should be simple but effective, and not to cheesy. It should catch peoples eye, and make them want to read on. I will try to do this with colour and pictures. Software Requirements The software I choose must be able to: Â  Import pictures, so that I can actually create the logo. Â  Move and edit pictures, so that the logo can be tweaked, and the pictures do not stay as their original. Input text, so that the logo has text as well as pictures and so the name Mercury Entertainment can be on the logo. Shade pictures, so that I can make the logo look and have a professional feel. Â  Overlap and underlay objects, again to create a stylish look, and make the logo look the best it can. Change the text colour, font, and size, so that I do not have to keep boring Arial text, and can make a good logo. Â  Convert to pictures, so that I can save the copy as a jpeg file, to save space and time loading the original file, and then copying it from there. I could produce the logo using a word processor. This is a limited, but simple way of doing the logo. It can do everything above, apart from edit pictures in the way that other programs can do. It can wrap text, and edit the brightness, but it cannot edit pictures in the most expert technique that I want, for example, fading different parts of the graphic, or overlapping objects. It would be able to produce the logo, but it might not be as good as if I used another program. I need it to look the best I can because I want to promote the business as much as possible. I could produce the logo using MS Paint , but this a very basic program, more so than the word processor. It does not have import feature, but you can use traditional copy and paste. It cannot overlap and underlay objects with a toolbar button, but of course, you will be able to by just placing one graphic over another. It cannot convert graphics to pictures either; well I cannot find a tool for it. I will produce the logo using Serif PagePlus 8, because it is the most expert program that I have to choose from, and it will help me to create the logo to the full quality. It can import pictures through the typical copy and paste, and through Insert Picture. It can move pictures through the normal method, by clicking and holding the left mouse button over the picture and then dragging it to where you want it to be. It can input text through the keyboard, just as any other program does. To shade a picture, you must highlight the picture and then click on the attributes tab on the right. Then there is a shade slide bar on the bottom, which you can slide to the right to shade lighter and right for heavier. It can over and under lap objects with the two buttons on the arrange toolbar, at the top: With these, the left sends the item to the back, and the right one brings the picture to the front. Text is edited in the standard way, by the toolbar at the top, or by clicking Format Character. It can convert things to pictures. You have to highlight the certain graphics you want to be a picture, and then click Tools Convert to Picture It will then come up with a box: Select JPEG from the combo box, as it provides a picture with small file size, and therefore easiest and fastest to work with. After this, it will be converted to a jpeg; however, it will be inside the page plus publication. To export the picture so that it is a new file, highlight the picture, and click File Export As Picture This will then open a new window, enabling you to save the picture as a certain format. I chose JPEG, because it has the smallest compression size at a 24-bit format. This will enable me to use it quickly and efficiently. Conclusion I am going to use Serif Page plus 8 for my logo, as it is the most professional and enables me to do things in which a word processor and MS Paint cannot. It is much easier to use from a graphic point of view, and it is not hard to put in text. I also know much more about it than I do a word processor or MS Paint, which makes it easier to work with. That means, if I use a word processor or MS Paint, it will be very time-consuming to find out how to do things that I am not sure about doing. Outline Plan I will type Mercury Entertainment straight into the package in a logo art format, so that it is more eye-catching, and can be changed to different shapes and colours, and can have shadows and backgrounds. I will get my graphics from Microsoft Office Design Gallery. This is because it has a wide selection of clipart and graphics, all available for download. I will bring them onto the page by copy and paste. When you download it, the picture appears in the clipart window, and you can easily highlight it, and then copy (Ctrl + C) and then go to the Page plus 8 windows and press (Ctrl + V) to import it onto the display. I will probably use Times New Roman, as it is the easiest to read, and the default font, that is not that boring. See below. I will then export the thing as a picture, after highlighting it, so it can be used universally. Appendix Trebuchet MS Nice font, easy-to-read, and practical. Tempus Sans ITC Sophisticated, but not that clear first time, better for wine lists. Times New Roman Very good, clear, definitely using this, it is very clear for all ages. Verdana Big, very clear, but it does not look attractive. Arial Easy-to-read, but plain, better for kids stories. Book Antiqua Very Attractive, but still clear, definitely using this. Calisto MT Much like Times New Roman, but more kid-like. Comic Sans MS Very plain and young. Graphite Light ATT Sophisticated and cool, but too narrow. Lucida Handwriting Very nice, but not too easy-to-read. Design of Promotion Logo Michael Boulter 11. 7.

turbo units :: essays research papers

How The Turbo Unit Works The Compressor Side To keep it brief and simple, a turbo unit compresses the intake of the engine by means of a fan. Essentially, the fan pulls in air on one side and then it pushes it out the other (see diagram A, here it's referred to as the compressor wheel). A fan performs the function of moving air; however we are still left with the task of compressing the air. In order to compress the air; we must then contain it within an enclosed space (this is the compressor housing). Once the intake is compressed it gets sent out to the engine. This process of compression is what's technically referred to as "boost". When one is running more "boost" this person is essentially running more compressed air out of his turbo unit. This is usually related to the size of the unit itself. However, certain factors can limit the degree to which boost varies with the size of the unit. As this gets too technical within the scope of the article, I will leave it to a later discussion. The Turbine Side So far we understand how the compressor side allows for more air to flow into the engine, but we must now understand what it is that makes the compressor wheel turn fast enough to create the boost in the first place. In turn, we are brought into the turbine side. A turbine is a term used to describe a fan like object that gets propelled by the flow of air, water or steam. In a hydroelectric power plant, the Turbine is propelled by the flow of water which then turns a generator. Within the scope of the turbo charger, the turbine is propelled by the flow of exhaust gases that come out of the engine. So the more exhaust that flows out of the engine, the faster the turbine will turn. Again, like the intake side, pressure can only be created if the flow of air is kept within an enclosed space; for this reason, we have the turbine housing. Ups and Downs of Turbo Chargers While the turbo unit does provide ample cranking power, it is very dependant on the reciprocating process which I described earlier. This implies that we must somehow power the unit before it begins to give us anything in return. So its one of those deals where you got to give it something before it gives you anything in return.

Goals and Objectives Tied to Mission and Value Statements Essay

Apollonia have their goals and objectives tied to their mission and value statements. They ensure goals and objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely. This is crucial in their business because it is a high demand, and with a plan to follow and the ability to recognize the point that they achieve success. They update their goals and objectives when necessary, as business plans always have an ending date. The goals they set for the first year of business varies from the goals and objectives for year three or year 10. The planning stage is important in their business to make a good events location and a good restaurant for people to come to. Although planning is crucial in developing a good service, marketing is probably the most important aspect of their business. Their aims say that it is important to retain their existing customers base while growing the restaurant by attracting new customers. An example of a marketing goal might be to attract new customers from a particular area. Near or far. They include using social media to engage potential customers in conversations about food. They offer deals to come try out their food, sometimes free, sometimes deals that could benefit the potential customer. Aims and Objectives Apollonia have their goals and objectives tied to their mission and value statements. They ensure goals and objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely. This is crucial in their business because it is a high demand, and with a plan to follow and the ability to recognize the point that they achieve success. They update their goals and objectives when necessary, as business plans always have an ending date. The goals they set for the first year of business varies from the goals and objectives for year three or year 10. The planning stage is important in their business to make a good events location and a good restaurant for people to come to. Although planning is crucial in developing a good service, marketing is probably the most important aspect of their business. Their aims say that it is important to retain their existing customers base while growing the restaurant by attracting new customers. An example of a marketing goal might be to attract new customers from a particular area. Near or far. They include using social media to engage potential customers in conversations about food. They offer deals to come try out their food, sometimes free, sometimes deals that could benefit the  potential customer. Aims and Objectives Apollonia have their goals and objectives tied to their mission and value statements. They ensure goals and objectives are specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely. This is crucial in their business because it is a high demand, and with a plan to follow and the ability to recognize the point that they achieve success. They update their goals and objectives when necessary, as business plans always have an ending date. The goals they set for the first year of business varies from the goals and objectives for year three or year 10. The planning stage is important in their business to make a good events location and a good restaurant for people to come to. Although planning is crucial in developing a good service, marketing is probably the most important aspect of their business. Their aims say that it is important to retain their existing customers base while growing the restaurant by attracting new customers. An example of a marketing goal might be to attract new customers from a particular area. Near or far. They include using social media to engage potential customers in conversations about food. They offer deals to come try out their food, sometimes free, sometimes deals that could benefit the potential customer.

Contract and Chou Essay

The case scenario under review by our team includes a contract law situation involving a board game company and a game inventor. Big Time Toymaker (BTT) is a board game company which develops, manufactures, and distributes board games, and Chou is the name of the inventor of a new strategy game. In this scenario, what began with a payment made from BTT to Chou for exclusive negotiating rights for 90 days, ended in a change in management at BTT, leading to their company no longer having interest in distributing Chou’s game. Several questions will be asked about the validity of the terms agreed upon by the parties involved, including at what point did the parties have a contract, and what role does the statute of frauds play in this contract? Our objective is to analyze the case scenario, including the previously stated questions, and provide the answers to those and other questions pertaining to the scenario and contract law. Question 1 At what point, if ever, did the parties have a contract? There was mutual agreement between Chou and BTT via verbal agreement, and a subsequent email verifying that an agreement had been tentatively reached. According to the terms of distribution between Chou and BTT a contract was only valid if formalized in writing. An argument may be made that three days prior to the 90 day time limit a mutual agreement was reached and valid via an E-contract law. There was mutual assent between both Chou and BTT. The argument for the other side will state there was never a formalized written contract from either Chou or BTT, only an email with a subject heading stating Strat Deal. Is the email a valid contract? Question 2 What facts may weigh in favor of or against Chou in terms of parties’ objective intent to contract? Facts show that BTT sent an email with a subject heading of Strat Deal with information stating that Chou and BTT have reached an agreement. The writing states that after months of no response from BTT and with no management in place the company no longer wishes to distribute Chou’s intellectual property. Chou was in compliance with BTT at all times regarding issues pertaining to Strat. Chou will allege that there was a contract between himself and BTT that was of mutual assent and under E-contract law the emails were valid. Question 3 Does the fact that the parties were communicating by email have any impact on your analysis in questions 1-2 above? According to CA Civil Code 1624, b 3, a, online contracts are endorsable even if writing is required by the statute of frauds. Communication of contracts is valid under E-contract law. There is no impact on analysis made of above stated questions because of online communication. Question 4 What role does the statute of frauds play in this contract? A key factor in any contract is acceptance, and in this case a verbal agreement had been reached three days before the exclusive negotiation right was expired. Chou then said he was going to draw up the contract. Big Time Toymaker (BTT) then sent Chou an email outlining all of the things that they had agreed upon that would be included in the contract. Seeing the email, Chou then assumed that this was the contract to be enforced and did not respond to BTT. Even though Chou received the email, he did not respond to it, thereby giving Chou the defense that silence is never acceptance. However, in E-contact law dictated by CA Civil Code 1624, b, 3, a, it says that online contracts are endorsable even if writing is required by the statute of frauds. In addition, the â€Å"Click On† or â€Å"Click Wrap† agreement clause states that these agreements are enforceable since the opportunity to read and acknowledge was given. The statutes of frauds do play a part in this contract due to the Uniform Commercial Code requiring that the statute of frauds applies to any contract for the sale of goods for $500 or more. However, the exact amount of â€Å"Strat† units that Big Time Toymaker (BTT) will sell or at what cost of each unit is unclear to the reader, it was described in detail in the email BTT sent to Chou. Question 5 Could BTT avoid this contract under the doctrine of mistake? Explain. The new management at BTT cannot avoid this contract under the doctrine of mistake because a mistake was not made by both Chou and the old management team. The mistake by Chou was accepting the email outline of the contract terms as an actual contract agreed to by both parties. Scienter applies to Chou in this case by accepting a seemingly legitimate contract. Would either party have any other defenses that would allow the contract to be avoided? The change of management brought about individuals bound to the same company as the old management team was, therefore, scienter applies to the new management team in privity. The draft sent from Chou and received by BTT is a negotiable instrument. BTT thereby becomes a holder in due course. The inaction of BTT after the draft was sent is in violation of the UCC requirement that all offers are to be open for a reasonable period of 90 days. Chou was under the impression that a contract had been made before that 90 days had expired. Chou has real defense as well as personal defense due to breach of contract and fraud. Question 6 Assuming, arguendo, that this e-mail does constitute an agreement, what consideration supports this agreement? By law, statute of frauds would support this agreement. Due to the terms, there cannot be a lawsuit that can be upheld on particular contracts or arrangements, except if it is written and signed by the authorized party or representative. Under the statute, certain kinds of contracts have to be in writing in order to be enforceable in a court of law (Contracts: Statute of Frauds, 2013). The writing also has to be signed by the person who is held responsible for the contract or by that person’s agent. To evade the justification of the Statute of Frauds, one would need to make sure the contracts are in text and signed by the other party; so, if the opposing party does not hold his or her end of the agreement, one would gain from that particular party. Question Assuming BTT and Chou have a contract, and BTT has breached the contract by not distributing the game, discuss what remedies might or might not apply. It is obvious BTT’s manager did not think clearly about protecting BTT from liability. He carelessly wrote the emails, and his careless actions put BTT at risk. This led Chou to believe that this e-mail was meant to replace the earlier notion that he should draft a contract. Although the word contract was not ever used in the e-mail, it said that all of the terms had been agreed upon. The compensation would be awarded to Chou by the court in a civil action due to the wrongful conduct, being the breach from the other party, BTT. If the contract is breached by BTT, Chou will be granted equitable relief by the court, which comes in the form of specific performance, injunctive relief, or reformation. Monetary damages could also be in effect, in which they can be compensatory, resulting from a loss due to nonperformance. Also, consequential, which are indirect but to be expected from non-completion. Restitution would also take place that would be equivalent to total the party has been unfairly supplemented by the non-breaching party, and liquidated, which damages are a preset value rendering from the agreement. The compensatory damages for recovery Chou suffered by the non-breaching party would be the damages that would be awarded to the party in the same situation he would have been in if the other party had executed as agreed upon (Melvin, 2011). After review of the case scenario involving Big Time Toymaker and Chou the game inventor, we have concluded that not only was there a contract agreement between the parties, but that according to E-contract law, Chou may be bound by the terms included in the original email sent from BTT. In addition, the doctrine of mistake cannot be used in this situation because of scienter toward Chou and the old and new management of BTT. Several questions were asked of our team in accordance with contract law and the scenario provided by the textbook. This completes our analysis of the scenario and answers to the questions we were presented.

Andorra - Learn about the Geography and History of Europes Andorra

Andorra - Learn about the Geography and History of Europe's Andorra Population: 84,825 (July 2011 estimate)Capital: Andorra la VellaBordering Countries: France and SpainArea: 180 square miles (468 sq km)Highest Point: Pic de Coma Pedrosa at 9,665 feet (2,946 m)Lowest Point: Riu Runer at 2,756 feet (840 m) Andorra is an independent principality that is co-governed by Spain and France. It is located in southwestern Europe between France and Spain and it is entirely landlocked. Much of Andorras topography is dominated by the Pyrenees Mountains. Andorras capital city is Andorra la Vella and its elevation of 3,356 feet (1,023 m) makes it the highest capital city in Europe. The country is known for its history, interesting and isolated location and high life expectancy.History of AndorraAndorra has a long history that dates back to the time of Charlemagne. According to the U.S. Department of State, most historical accounts claim that Charlemagne grated a charter to the region of Andorra in return for fighting against the Muslim Moors advancing from Spain. By the 800s the Count of Urgell became the leader of Andorra. Later a descendent of the Count of Urgell gave control of Andorra to the diocese of Urgell led by the Bishop of Seu dUrgell.By the 11th century the head of the diocese of Urgell put Andorra under the protection of the Spanish, under the Lord of Caboet, because of growing conflicts from neighboring regions (U.S. Department of State). Shortly thereafter a French noble became the heir to the Lord of Caboet. This led to conflict between the French and Spanish over who would control Andorra. As a result of this conflict in 1278 a treaty was signed and Andorra was to be shared between Frances Count of Foix and Spains Bishop of Seu dUrgell. This led to a joint sovereignty.From this time until the 1600s Andorra gained some independence but control often shifted back and forth between France and Spain. In 1607 Frances King Henry IV made Frances head of government and the Bishop of Seu dUrgell co-princes of Andorra. The region has been ruled as a co-principality between the two countries ever since.During its modern history, Andorra remained isolated from much of Europe and the rest of the world outside of Spain and France due to its small size and the difficulty involved with traveling there because of its rugged topography. Recently however, Andorra has begun to grow into a tourist European center as a result of improv ed communications and transportation development. In addition, Andorra still has very close ties to France and Spain, but it is more closely tied to Spain. The official language of Andorra is Cataln.Government of AndorraToday Andorra, officially called the Principality of Andorra, is a parliamentary democracy that is governed as a co-principality. The two princes of Andorra are the president of France and the Bishop Seu dUrgell of Spain. These princes are represented in Andorra via representatives from each and make up the countrys executive branch of government. The legislative branch in Andorra consists of a unicameral General Council of the Valleys, whose members are elected via popular election. Its judicial branch is made up of the Tribunal of Judges, Tribunal of the Courts, the Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra, the Supreme Council of Justice and the Constitutional Tribunal. Andorra is divided into seven different parishes for local administration.Economics and Land Use in AndorraAndorra has a relatively small, well-develop ed economy that is based mainly on tourism, commerce and the financial industry. The main industries in Andorra are cattle, timber, banking, tobacco and furniture manufacturing. Tourism is also a major part of Andorras economy and it is estimated that around nine million people visit the tiny country each year. Agriculture is also practiced in Andorra but it is limited because of its rugged topography. The main agricultural products of the country are rye, wheat, barley, vegetables and sheep.Geography and Climate of AndorraAndorra is located in southwestern Europe on the border between France and Spain. It is one of the worlds smallest countries with an area of just 180 square miles (468 sq km). Most of Andorras topography consists of rugged mountains (the Pyrenees Mountains) and very small, narrow valleys between the peaks. The highest point in the country is Pic de Coma Pedrosa at 9,665 feet (2,946 m), while the lowest is Riu Runer at 2,756 feet (840 m).The climate of Andorra is considered temperate and it generally has cold, snowy winters and warm, dry summer s. Andorra la Vella, the capital and largest city of Andorra, has an average annual temperature range of 30.2ËšF (-1ËšC) in January to 68ËšF (20ËšC) in July.To learn more about Andorra, visit the Geography and Maps section on Andorra on this website.ReferencesCentral Intelligence Agency. (26 May 2011). CIA - The World Factbook - Andorra. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/an.htmlInfoplease.com. (n.d.). Andorra: History, Geography, Government, and Culture- Infoplease.com. Retrieved from: infoplease.com/ipa/A0107276.htmlUnited States Department of State. (8 February 2011). Andorra. Retrieved from: state.gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3164.htmWikipedia.org. (2 June 2011). Andorra - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andorra

Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Essays

Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Essays Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Paper Marketing Travel and Tourism products and services Paper In this assignment I am going to write about factors that affecting the marketing by giving examples in travel and tourism organisations. Definition of marketing The definition of marketing is that the progression of planning and executing the beginning, pricing, promotion, and giving out of ideas of products, organisations, and events to create and maintain relationships that will satisfy individual and organizational objectives. These are the factors that affecting the travel and tourism industry:   Company ethos   Consumer protection   Standards of practice   Political   Economic   Social   Technological Company Ethos Company Ethos is one of the main factors that could affect the marketing of travel and tourism organisations including British Airways. All market actions in British Airways are being done by good enough for ethical and moral standards. It is important that the organisations should now respect the customers religion and background and they should not prejudice against them. An example for ethical and moral standards in British Airways is that they stopped their staff from wearing visible religion symbols. Company Ethos can also include environment as well. There are some companies that obtain the main beliefs of green tourism and they promote holidays that does not harm the local people in the destinations. It is important that companies show social responsibilities and ethical in all marketing actions. For example British Airways state that they will strive to improve its environmental and social performance and to contribute to a better quality life for everyone, now and for generations to come. They also state they will achieve this by setting clearly define objectives and targets addressing their environmental and social issues. There are legislations that will affect the marketing the travel and tourism industry which will stop the organisations doing what they want for example: airlines can not put their own prices they need to follow particular rules and legislations. As the company ethos is one of the biggest factors that affect the travel and tourism industry many organisation are trying their best in order to meet these factors. Virgin Atlantic is another airline industry that is aware of these factors. Virgin Atlantic has to follow what the government puts as taxation for the prices. It is also important that these two organisations should not mislead their passengers because this will give a bad company image to the both organisations. All these factors will affect the marketing of Virgin Atlantic and British Airways by providing customers the products within following their rights and proving them with a good customer service. Consumer protection It is always important that all travel and tourism organisation are following the rules and regulation when carrying out their marketing work. One of the regulations is The Customer Protection Act 1987. The Consumer Protection Act 1989 is an Act that forces the companies legal responsibilities for their customers. The aim of the Act is to offer procedures that a person who buy the damaged product can contact the person who is responsible of the product. The Consumer Protection Act also makes requirements regarding misleading price indications. An example Going Places had to pay over à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6000 for misleading prices. This was because Going Places displayed at three of their branches in Leicestershire, holiday deals that were not available at the prices that they displayed. The Trades Description Act 1968: This act is to protest customers against false description either verbally or in writing that the organisations gives to the customers. All the organisation in travel and tourism sector should always gives the right description. For example Thomas Cook is one of the biggest tour operator in UK they always give the right description to their customers and make their marketing work better. The Data Protection Act (DPA) 1998: This is one of the most important legislation. The aim of this legislation is to protect the customers private informations that are being used by organisations. The Act also gives right to organisations to access information held about customers. For example: A tour operator like First Choice use database and keep all the information about their customers on the database. First choice stores all the information about their customers in secure databases at secure addresses to prevent unauthorised access. These consumer protection rules and regulations affect the marketing of the travel and tourism organisation because the protecting customers give a good company image and makes customers feel guaranteed. Customers feel comfortable and sure that their information will not be passed to other organisations and they have their rights. Following these rules and legislations will bring repeat business to the companies as well. Standards of practice It is not just rules and regulations that travel and tourism industry should follow there are also promotes voluntary code of practise, for example ABTA Code of Conduct that they need to follow. All members of the organisation need to follow the ABTAs Code of Conduct when running their business and also state what must be done when something goes wrong. One of the ABTA Code of Conduct is that ABTA members must not mislead their advertising and must include all fixed compulsory charges in their prices another code is when customer book with ABTA members they must give customers accurate information to help you choose the travel arrangements that are right for you. ABTA works with lot of company such as The Holiday Place, My travel, Charter Travel and many more all these companies need to follow the ABTAs Code of Conduct. The Advertising Authority Standards is setting guidelines for organisations before they promote their products. Their main aim is to make sure that all the advertisements are meeting the standards laid down in the advertising code. The code of Advertising Authority Standards is including prices of products, misleading, immaturity and Credulity. British Airways is one of the biggest airline company in UK and when they promote their products they need to follow the general rules of The Advertising Authority Standards. One of the rules that BA needs to follow is that their advertisements must not take advantage of immaturity or natural credulity of children. Standards of practice affect these organisations because customers are know that they are protected and if anything goes wrong they can get their money back when they buy the products of these organisations. This will bring repeat business to the organisations and the company will have a good public image. PEST factors Travel and Tourism industry is growing and in few years time it could end up as the biggest industry in the world. The companies within this sector needs to be aware of the external constrains when they run their business factors that comes outside of their direct control for example PEST which stands for Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors. Political Political factor is important in travel and tourism industry and it has a huge influence on the regulations of the travel and tourism organisations. Political factors cover regional development, legislation, law and regulations lastly deregulation of the industry. For example: deregulated companies like BA need systems that enable decisions to be made quickly open skies is an agreement which changes the regulatory landscapes a lot. Political factor are also including the tax policy, employment laws, environmental regulations, trade restriction and tariffs. As travel and tourism is one of the biggest industries in the world it has many political factors. Airlines are not allowed to allow passengers that do not hold a valid visa in to UK. Another political factor that effects the tour operators are that the package mush be sold or offered for sale and the package has to include minimum of two elements which are transportation, accommodation and another major tourist service accounting for a significant part of the package. Social Social factors are demographical trends, education, environmental awareness, life style changes etc. For example these days people live longer, people have different life styles and people are richer and have money to spend on holidays as people who is going to abroad for holidays has increased in UK. Also families travel to other destinations and stay. All these social factors are affecting the travel and tourism industry in many ways. Lot of travel agents such as Thomsons Holidays try to find new destinations to meet their customer social lifestyle. Thomson have lot of different types of holidays that is suitable for different types of people such as cruising holidays for senior citizens , ski holidays, gold holiday for couples etc. The social developments makes the travel and tourism companies to make their marketing bigger and have products that will meet their customers needs. Many tour operators including Thomas Cook try their best to have holidays that will meet their customer s needs for example they offer travel insurance, car hire and airport parking. Economical Economical factor is one of the most important factors in marketing and its also important for travel and tourism industry as well. Economic factors can include airline security taxes, interest rates, levels of unemployment, cost oil etc. All these economic factors affect the travel and tourism industry for example companies offer different budget holidays that suites every budget. My travel offers holidays starting from à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½121 to à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½579. Economical factors are very important and there are many factors that have a big influence in travel and tourism industry. Technological The changes on the technology have made a big influence in the developing Travel and Tourism industry for example faster and larger aircraft and better fuel efficiency. Tour operators have their own computer reservation system that makes booking easier. It is possible to book holidays or tickets through internet rather then visiting a travel agent or tour operator. Some of the airlines offer e-tickets which is when you book online without visiting an agent for example: you can only book your flights online for Ryanair. It is also possible to check in and passport checking online as well so it becoming more easy to travel by air easier and quicker. Technological factors bring competition within the companies as well. Many airlines such as British Airlines and Virgin Atlantic try to offer the best service in order to satisfy their customers. They use the best technological products and have the best for their passengers. British Airways now have internet access do their passengers can use internet which allow passengers to do their stuff online. Technology is not just use to improve their products and services all travel and tourism industry are using technology to promote their products. For example Virgin Atlantic promotes their products in their websites. All these PEST factors will have a very big affect on the travel and tourism organisations because by following these factors they will meet their customers needs which will bring the companies repeat business, good company image, better service etc. As the technology develops organisation having more products which will affect their marketing, economy is one of the biggest factors that affects the organisations this affect the marketing by providing the right price that suites different people. Social factors are affecting the travel and tourism organisations by making them to find different products that suites different socialised people.